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=== === ===This activity is designed for a 9th grade American history course. I use it as a transition between causes of the Civil War and the study of the Civil War itself. The objective of the lesson is for students to examine historical data to create a written argument that either the North or the South had the advantage at the start of the Civil War. ===

===This lesson is a modification of the lesson “On the Eve of War: North vs. South.” Click here to access this lesson in its entirety. ===

===**Pennsylvania Standards Addressed:** === ===8.1.9 C Historical Interpretation === ===8.3.9 B Documents, Artifacts, and Historical Places === ===8.3.9 C Influences of Continuity and Change === ===8.3.9 D Conflict and Cooperation Among Groups ===

**Evaluation of Sources Used:**
===[|Interactive Map of America on the Eve of the Civil War] **-** Parent site is sponsored by the National Endowment for the Humanities. === ==[|Railroads, 1850 and 1860] **-** Parent site is Pearson Education, Inc. == ==[|1860 Population- United States] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**-** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Parent site cited source of information from printed material - "The Civil War and Reconstruction" by Randall and Donald (Their source was U.S. Census, 1860, Population, pp. 598-599) == ==<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">[|1860 Census Data- United States] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**-** <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Parent site credits information from 1860 Census Bureau == <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 12pt; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">**North South Comparison Chart **- Parent site is the Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History

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